Type Conversion¶

Built-in Converters¶

1. To Integer¶

x = int("42")       # From string
y = int(3.7)        # From float (truncates)
z = int(True)       # From bool
print(x, y, z)      # 42 3 1

2. To Float¶

x = float("3.14")
y = float(42)
z = float(True)
print(x, y, z)      # 3.14 42.0 1.0

3. To String¶

x = str(42)
y = str(3.14)
z = str([1, 2, 3])
print(x, y, z)      # "42" "3.14" "[1, 2, 3]"

Collection Conversion¶

1. To List¶

x = list((1, 2, 3))        # From tuple
y = list("hello")          # From string  
z = list(range(5))         # From range
print(x, y, z)

2. To Tuple/Set¶

x = tuple([1, 2, 3])
y = set([1, 2, 2, 3])      # Removes duplicates
print(x, y)                # (1, 2, 3) {1, 2, 3}

3. To Dict¶

x = dict([('a', 1), ('b', 2)])
keys = ['x', 'y']
values = [1, 2]
y = dict(zip(keys, values))
print(x, y)

Numeric Conversion¶

1. Base Conversion¶

x = int('1010', 2)         # Binary to int
y = int('FF', 16)          # Hex to int
print(x, y)                # 10 255

2. Int to Base¶

print(bin(10))             # '0b1010'
print(hex(255))            # '0xff'
print(oct(63))             # '0o77'

Error Handling¶

1. Safe Conversion¶

def safe_int(value, default=0):
    try:
        return int(value)
    except (ValueError, TypeError):
        return default

print(safe_int("42"))      # 42
print(safe_int("bad"))     # 0

Boolean Conversion¶

1. Truthy/Falsy¶

print(bool(1))             # True
print(bool(0))             # False
print(bool(""))            # False
print(bool([]))            # False
print(bool(None))          # False

Conversion Table¶

From	To	Function
str	int	`int()`
str	float	`float()`
int	str	`str()`
list	tuple	`tuple()`
list	set	`set()`